Name: Landslides

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Description: Landslide areas in North Dakota are depicted on this map as mapped from historical aerial photographs, recent digital aerial imagery, and LiDAR digital elevation models, over a six-year period from 2016 to early 2023. These landslide areas were mapped at variable scales generally at 1:12,000 or less and presented at 1:24,000 scale in 1,476 individual quadrangles that cover the state. A total of 59,505 landslide areas were identified based dominantly on their surficial geomorphological expression and represent landslide areas identified up to the last date of LiDAR data collection available.Historical aerial photography used in the initial identification of landslide areas consisted of 1:20,000 paper aerial photographs from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s aerial photography programs spanning the years from 1952 to 1965. Recent aerial imagery from the National Agricultural Imagery Program (NAIP) ranging mostly from 1997 to 2022 was also reviewed when available either in the desktop mapping environment or within the Google Earth platform.Surface elevation models created from recently acquired LiDAR data was used intensively to update previous inventory mapping work where only aerial photos were used. A LiDAR surface model was created for each of the 1,464 1:24,000 scale quadrangles which served as the basemap for final inventory mapping.Landslides in North Dakota fall into three broad categories based on their geologic environments. The highest density and number of landslides occurs throughout the rugged badlands topography in western and southwestern North Dakota. These landslides are most commonly large rotational slumps with well-defined head scarps and toes. Glacial meltwater valleys and current hydrologic corridors also contain a high number of landslides. These landslides are generally large, ancient landslides, constrained to the glacial meltwater valleys where they are mapped. The third group of landslides are riverbank slumps resultant from the continued fluctuation of river levels from seasonal flooding along active river systems across the state. The remaining landslide areas are typically smaller, more variable in type, and are locally influenced by their unique geologic setting or recently modified anthropogenic setting.Landslides in North Dakota are thought to range in age from the Quaternary to recent and contemporary landslide areas continued to be identified as mapping progresses from inventory mapping into the temporal analysis and interpretation of comparative LiDAR data sets. The areas shown on this map represent the first comprehensive landslide mapping inventory completed for the state of North Dakota.

Copyright Text: North Dakota Geological Survey

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